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由人工智能技术驱动的传播革命已超出常规科学的“解谜”范畴,新闻传播学亟须从范式修补转向范式转移。本文在批判人类中心主义、超人类主义、后人类主义等思潮的基础上,指出新闻传播学的理论范式将从人类中心主义转向人机共生主义。在人机共生主义范式之下,新闻传播学的本体论将新闻传播活动视为由人类主体和技术主体共同构成的意义生产和交换过程,强调人与技术构成“和而不同”的共生体;新闻传播学的认识论主张认知主体从“人类单一认知主体”演变为“人机复合认知主体”,认知客体从“人类传播行为”拓展为“多元混合现实”,真理标准从“单一实践检验”发展为“实践+计算复合检验”;新闻传播学的方法论也从人类主导的方法论变为人机协同的方法论,包括人机协同的数据采集、观察测量和数据分析。人机共生主义范式的提出,不仅对新闻传播学的中国自主知识体系建构具有重大理论价值,对于传播生态的整体跃迁和社会系统的更新再造也具有重要现实意义。
Abstract：The communication revolution propelled by artificial intelligence has transcended the “puzzle-solving” domain of normal science,rendering it imperative for journalism and communication studies to move beyond paradigm adjustment toward a fundamental paradigm shift. Through a critical engagement with intellectual currents such as anthropocentrism,transhumanism,and posthumanism,this article argues that the theoretical framework of journalism and communication studies is undergoing a transition from anthropocentrism to a paradigm of human-machine symbiosism. Within this emerging paradigm,the ontology of journalism and communication studies conceptualizes communicative activity as a process of meaning production and exchange jointly constituted by human and technological agents, emphasizing the formation of a symbiotic assemblage between humans and technology characterized by “harmony without uniformity”. At the epistemological level,the discipline envisions a transformation of the cognitive subject from a singular human knower to a human-machine composite cognitive subject,an expansion of the cognitive object from human communicative behavior to pluralistic hybrid realities,and a reconceptualization of the criterion of truth from single practice-based validation to a model of practice-computation hybrid verification. Methodologically,journalism and communication studies correspondingly shift from a human-centered methodological framework to one grounded in human-machine collaboration,encompassing coordinated processes of data collection,observation and measurement,and data analysis. The articulation of the human-machine symbiosis paradigm not only holds significant theoretical implications for the construction of an autonomous Chinese knowledge system in journalism and communication studies,but also carries important practical significance for the holistic transformation of the communication ecology and the renewal and reconfiguration of broader social systems.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13628/j.cnki.zjcmxb.20260306.001
中图分类号:G210
引用信息:
[1]韦路,刘汀芷.从人类中心主义到人机共生主义:智能时代新闻传播学的范式转移[J].未来传播,2026,33(02):2-15.DOI:10.13628/j.cnki.zjcmxb.20260306.001.
基金信息:
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大专项项目“人工智能时代新闻传播学范式转型研究”（2025JZDZ008）
2026-03-09
2026-03-09
2026-03-09